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Key Differences Between CO/Gas Alarms vs. Smoke Alarms
As a CO and gas alarm owner, understand these critical facts:
- Smoke alarms rely on visible signs (smoke, heat) to trigger alerts. You can see, smell, or feel a fire, allowing quick judgment of danger.
- CO and gas alarms detect invisible, odorless threats. Carbon monoxide (CO) and explosive gases like propane/natural gas are undetectable without alarms. If your CO/gas alarm sounds, evacuate immediately—do not investigate the source.
Carbon Monoxide Levels: When to Take Action
| CO Level (PPM) | Risk Level | Action Required |
| 100+ PPM | High Risk | Evacuate and call 911—even if no symptoms are present. |
| 50–100 PPM | Moderate Risk | Ventilate the area, shut off fuel-burning appliances, and contact a professional. |
| Below 50 PPM | Low Risk | Identify and eliminate the CO source (e.g., malfunctioning furnace, blocked vent). |
Common Sources of Carbon Monoxide
CO is produced by fuel-burning appliances that are malfunctioning, poorly ventilated, or improperly installed:
- Household Appliances: Furnaces, gas stoves, water heaters, fireplaces, generators.
- Vehicles: Running cars in attached garages.
- Structural Issues: Blocked chimneys, corroded vent pipes, cracked furnace exchangers.
- Outdoor Risks: Grills, hibachis, or charcoal burned in enclosed spaces.
Conditions That Trigger CO Buildup
- Weather: High winds, temperature inversions, cold/humid air.
- Home Systems: Negative pressure from exhaust fans, multiple appliances competing for airflow.
- Installation Errors: Loose vent pipes, unconventional vent designs, unvented fuel devices.
Explosive Gas Safety: Natural Gas vs. Propane
Natural Gas
- Lighter than air—rises quickly.
- Installation Tip: Mount alarms ≥6 inches below ceilings for early detection.
Propane (LP Gas)
- Heavier than air—collects near floors.
- Installation Tip: Place alarms near the floor for leaks.
Both gases are odorless and colorless. A sulfur-like odorant (mercaptan) is added for leak detection. Your CO and gas alarm triggers at <25% of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), but always evacuate if you smell gas.